The contribution of nurses to patient safety stems precisely from the nature of the profession that is the nurse. Care and safety merge into the Care Act. Care and safety are closely linked to people`s vulnerability and trust, and both activities are used through measures to protect, preserve and preserve life holistically. It is the ethical duty of nurses to inform the relevant authorities of situations of structure, process or outcome that violate patient safety, not only because of their duty of care to them and their families, but also because of the ethical and legal responsibility that arises from professional practice in the event of a preventable adverse event.19 Ethics is not something, it is in addition to professional development, but it is grounded and makes sense of it. Therefore, care and ethics are not isolated concepts, they complement each other, so bioethical principles must be present in any nurse-patient relationship and should not be seen as something imposed on the professional, but should be understood as an aid focused on nursing management. Nursing ethics, based on care, proposes to promote aspects that help people maintain their health, promote personal care, promote and guarantee patient safety to ensure high-quality care.17,18 Sonia Sánchez AragóHospital Clinico Universitario Lozano Blesa. Zaragoza, Spain In 2005, the Ministry of Health, Social Affairs and Equality (MSSI), in accordance with international recommendations, decided to develop, in cooperation with the Autonomous Communities, a patient safety strategy for the National Health System (SNS), respecting and complementing the measures they develop in the exercise of their competence in the provision of health services. On the other hand, a patient safety strategy of the national health system between 2015 and 2020 was presented, in which the same strategic lines are maintained and new objectives and recommendations on development aspects are included.4 Sánchez Aragó, Sonia. Patient safety and bioethics in the act of care. Nursing ethics.
2016 Jan-June; 9(17). Available in Therefore, nursing involves a number of procedures and techniques that require special caution, not only because of the intrinsic risk that some of them pose to patient safety, but also because of their scale and scope at all levels of care,4 Therefore, in view of the bioethical obligation, they must be based on respect for ethical principles, on which the task of care is based. To this end, it is important to educate, understand and explain the bioethical duties of care in the face of patient safety. Adverse events affect the safety of the patient and their family not only because of the physical or psychological damage they cause. Among the health professionals responsible for these situations, this can lead to: post-traumatic stress, depression, the appearance of defensive professional practice, economic costs in the health system, etc. It can also entail costs in society, as the credibility of the quality of services is lost when these situations are known to the public.4-6 By correctly transmitting the information, the patient, on the basis of his convictions, will be able to develop his reasoning and make the most practical decision by increasing his autonomy during the care process, which conditions his health.13, 14 1st World Health Organization. Patient. Global Alliance for Patient Safety. Patient. [Internet]. The Launch of the World Alliance for Patient Safety, Washington DC, USA – October 27, 2004 [cited 2015 Feb 20].
Available in: www.who.int/patientsafety/worldalliance/en/.2. Council of Europe. Ministers. Recommendation Rec (2006)7 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the management of patient safety and the prevention of adverse events in the health sector. [Internet] Brussels: Council of Europe; 2006 [Cited 2013 Oct 1]. Available in: wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=1005439.3. European Commission. Council recommendations on patient safety, in particular on the prevention and control of health-related infections.
Official Journal of the Council of the European Union of 9 June 2009 (2009/C 151/01). [Internet]. Brussels: European Commission; 2011 [Cited 2015 Feb 19]. Available in: ec.europa.eu/health/patient_safety/docs/council_2009_es.pdf.4. Ministry of Health, Social Policy and Gender Equality. National Strategy for Patient Safety in the Health Care System 2015-2020 [Internet]. Madrid, 2015 [With access on 22. January 2016]. Available in: www.seguridaddelpaciente.es/resources/documentos/2015/Estrategia%20Seguridad%20del%20Paciente%202015-2020.pdf.5.
Gómez Córdoba AI, Fernanda Espinos A. Ethical dilemmas related to patient safety. Care is thinking. Aquichan, 2006; 6(1): 54-67.6. Goeckner B, Gladu M, Bradley J, Garmon SCb, Hicks RW. Differences in perioperative medication errors compared to the association of organizational characteristics of surgical nurses. Journal of the AORN. 2006; 83(2): 351.7. Paulina Milos H, Larraín AI. The ethical and legal link between care management and risk management in the context of patient safety.
Aquichan. 2013; 15(1) : 141-153.8. Mason D. Transforming Healthcare for Patient Safety: The Moral Imperative of Nurses to Lead. In: Hughes RG, editor. Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Manual for Caregivers. Rockville (MD): Agency for Health Research and Quality (United States); 2008.9. Restrepo ME. Ethics in the art of care.
Nursing research and teaching. 2002; 20(2): 118-130.10. Holiday home AZ. Development of professional ethics in nursing. Nursing research and teaching. 2014; 10(2): 57-61.11. García Moyano LM, Pellicer García B. Arrazola Alberdi O. The ethics of care, the preservation of nursing bioethics. Latin American Journal of Bioethics.
2015; 16(30-1) : 72-79.12. Fry S, Johnston MF Ethics in Nursing Practice: A Guide to Ethical Decision Making. Mexico, DF; The modern manual: 2010.13. Burgos Moreno M, Paravic Klijn T. Nursing as a profession. Cuban Journal of Nursing. 2009; 25(1-2): 1-9.14. Valverde C. Nursing focused on the meanings of the patient: a model based on each other`s narrative and ethics. Care index. 2008; 17(3): 157-158.15.
Simón Lorda P. Ethics and patient safety. Humanitas, Medical Humanities. 2005; 8: 145-60.16. Romero de San Pío E. The Ethics of Responsibility in Nursing. Seapa Magazine. 2013; XI: 31-35.17. Suárez Vázquez M, Téllez E.
Bioethics and nursing practice. Archives of Cardiology of Mexico. 2002; 72(2; ALLOCATION): 286-290.18. Gómez O, Soto A, Arenas A, Garzón J, González A, Mateus É. An up-to-date look at the culture of patient safety. Av Enferm. 2011; 29(2): 363-74.19.Busquets i Alibés E. Interview with Montserrat Busquets, member of the Bioethics Commission of Catalonia. Bioètica & debat: Open forum of the Borja Institute of Bioètica. 2004; 35: 102-103. Subsequently, in the fifties of the twentieth century, it was nurses who initiated incident reports to identify risks and thus contribute to the initiation of hospital risk management.7 The occurrence of adverse events is possible, so it is appropriate to prefer organizational cultures that guarantee patient safety and risk management in any work. These commitments are guided by the principles of autonomy, justice, non-wickedness and charity.